Introduction
Meghalaya is located in the northeast of India. The state shares its border on the north and the east with Assam and on the south and the west with Bangladesh. Meghalaya, with an average annual rainfall of 1,150 cm, receives the highest amount of rainfall in the country. The diverse range of soil types, including red-loamy and laterite, support various agricultural crops like rice, maize, pulses, oilseeds, cotton, jute, and mesta. The state has achieved success in the cultivation of non-traditional crops like tea, cashew nuts, oilseeds, tomato, mushroom, wheat, etc. During 2019–20*, the state produced 393.51 thousand tonnes of fruits and 75.38 thousand tonnes of spices.
At current prices, the gross state domestic product (GSDP) of Meghalaya is estimated at Rs. 0.41 trillion (US$ 4.99 billion) in 2022-23.
Meghalaya, with abundant deposits of coal, limestone, kaolin feldspar, quartz, granite, industrial clay and uranium, and a small deposit base of sillimanite, bauxite, base metals and apatite has a great industrial potential. Meghalaya, one of the most picturesque states in the country, has two national parks and three wildlife sanctuaries. It offers many adventure tourism opportunities like mountaineering, rock climbing, hiking and trekking, water sports, etc.
According to Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), FDI inflows in Meghalaya stood at US$ 1.09 million between October 2019-June 2022.
Total merchandise exports from Meghalaya stood at US$ 2.81 million in FY23 (until August 2022)
Key Sectors
- In the State Budget 2022-23, the allocation for the Shillong Smart City project has been increased from Rs. 700 crore (US$ 85.11 million) to Rs. 1,000 crore (US$ 121.59 million)
- 145 projects worth Rs. 3,392.99 crore (US$ 412.08 million) have been sanctioned under North East Special Infrastructure Development Scheme (NESIDS) as of July 2022.
- As of August 2022, Meghalaya had a total installed power generation capacity of 569.45 MW, comprising 354.53 MW from state utilities, 17.96 MW from private utilities and 196.96 MW by central utilities. Of the total installed power generation capacity, 409.27 MW was contributed by hydropower and 50.49 MW by renewable power.
- In FY23 (until August 2022) passenger traffic at Barapani Airport reached 46,542 and aircraft movements at the airport stood at 1,234.
- In FY22 (as per first advance estimates) the state produced 376.02 thousand tonnes of fruits under an area of 37.05 thousand hectares. Similarly, 76.54 thousand tonnes of spices were produced in the state under an area of 15.72 thousand hectares.
- According to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI), Meghalaya had 2.39 million wireless and 0.04 million wireline subscribers, as of March 2022.
- Exports of coal, coke and briquettes stood at US$ 1.08 million in FY22.
- In 2021, foreign tourist arrivals and domestic tourist visits in the state stood at 411and 154,409, respectively.
- In FY21, Meghalaya Farmers Mobilisation Project will be implemented at a cost of Rs. 5.12 billion (US$ 69.55 million) over a five-year period. Programmes will be launched for the establishment of cluster-based, farmer owned and farmer-operated markets.
- Limestone production in Meghalaya stood at ~6.9 million tonnes in FY20.
Note * -As per 2019-20 (3rd Adv. Est.), MW - Megawatt, **- includes Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, and Tripura
FACTFILE
Capital
ShillongGeographical Area (sq km)
22,429State Language
English, Khasi, Pnar and GaroLiteracy Rate
74.4 per centKey Industries:
Handlooms & Handicrafts
Sericulture
Mining
Cement
Food processing
Agriculture
Floriculture
Hydroelectric power
Tourism
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