Introduction
Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India with a population of nearly 200 million people. Uttar Pradesh shares its borders with Nepal on the north, the Indian states of Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh on the northwest, Haryana, Delhi and Rajasthan on the west, Madhya Pradesh on the south, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand on the southeast, and Bihar on the east.
At current prices, the gross state domestic product (GSDP) of Uttar Pradesh is estimated to be Rs. 24.39 trillion (US$ 295.48 billion) in 2023-24. The GSDP is expected to increase at a CAGR of 9.01% from 2018-19 to 2023-24.
Uttar Pradesh is a favored tourist destination in India with Taj Mahal, one of the eight Wonders of the World, located in Agra. In 2021, domestic tourist arrivals in the state stood at 109.71 million, second-highest in the country, while foreign tourist arrivals stood at 44,737, seventh-highest in the country. The Uttar Pradesh government has decided to establish four new heliports in the state in a bid to promote tourism in the state.
As of April 2023, Uttar Pradesh had an installed power generation capacity of 29,913.48 MW. Of this, 6,808.20 MW was from state utilities, 14,360.35 MW (private utilities) and 8,744.93 MW (central utilities).
Thermal power contributed 21,417.26 MW to the state’s total installed power generation capacity, followed by 3,424.02 MW (hydropower), 289.48 MW (nuclear power) and 4,782.72 MW (renewable power), as of April 2023.
In August 2022, Uttar Pradesh revealed the draft of its Solar Energy Policy-2022, which indicates that the state has a goal of producing 16,000 MW of renewable energy by 2026–27.
Uttar Pradesh is the largest producer of food grains in India and accounted for about 17.83% share in the country’s total food grain output in 2016-17. Food grain production in the state stood at 49,903.1 thousand tonnes in 2016-17 and 51,252.7 thousand tonnes in 2017-18. Major food grains produced in the state include rice, wheat, maize, millet (bajra), gram, pea and lentils.
Pulses production in the state stood at 2,208.0 thousand tonnes in 2017-18. Production of vegetables stood 29,584.06 thousand MT in 2021-22.
The state offers a wide range of subsidies, policy and fiscal incentives as well as assistance for businesses under the Industrial and Service Sector Investment Policy, 2004 and Infrastructure and Industrial Investment Policy, 2012. The state has well-drafted, sector-specific policies for IT and biotechnology. The new Uttar Pradesh Civil Aviation Promotion Policy 2017 was brought to promote investment and trade in Uttar Pradesh and to promote tourism while increased road connectivity along with air connectivity will create more employment avenues.
Between October 2019-March 2023, FDI inflows in Uttar Pradesh stood at US$ 1,301.36 million. The state ranked 11th in India in terms of FDI inflows. In 2019, 147 investment intentions worth Rs. 16,799 crore (US$ 2.40 billion) were filed in Uttar Pradesh.
Merchandise exports from Uttar Pradesh reached US$ 21.03 billion in FY22 and US$ 9.53 billion in FY23*.
In 2020, the state government rolled out the New Electronics Manufacturing Policy, 2020 and Uttar Pradesh Startup Policy, 2020, to promote the local manufacturing and new startups in the state.
Recent Developments in Key Sectors:
- In October 2022, Minister of Road Transport and Highways, Mr. Nitin Gadkari, announced new projects worth Rs. 7,000 crore (US$ 8.5 billion) for Uttar Pradesh.
- In October 2022, Chief Minister Mr. Yogi Adityanath said that from the following academic year, all colleges and institutions in Uttar Pradesh will offer medical and engineering programmes in Hindi.
- In the State Budget 2022-23:
- In the State Budget 2023-24, Rs. 38,338 crore (US$ 4.66 billion) has been allocated for the development of roads and bridges. Of this, Rs. 500 crore (US$ 60.77 million) is allocated towards capital investment in public sector enterprises.
- As per the State Budget 2023-24, Rs. 43,330 crore (US$ 5.27 billion) has been allocated to the energy sector. Out of this, Rs. 13,100 crore (US$ 1.59 billion) is allocated for power subsidies. Subsidy on electricity consumption of private tube-well owners will be increased from 50% to 100% in 2023-24. Rs. 1,500 crore (US$ 182.3 million) has been allocated for this purpose.
- As per State Budget 2023-24, a total amount of Rs. 28,465 crore (US$ 3.46 billion) has been allocated towards Urban Development. Out of this, Rs. 2,490 crore (US$ 302.6 million) has been allocated for grants towards the creation of capital assets under PM Awas Yojana (Urban).
- In the State Budget 2023-24, the state Government allocated Rs. 85,003 crore (US$ 10.3 billion) towards Education, Sports, Arts, and Culture. Out of this, Rs. 17,003 crore (US$ 2.07 billion) is allocated towards primary education under Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan. And, for creating digital libraries in gram panchayats and wards, Rs. 300 crore (US$ 36.4 million) has been allocated.
- As per State Budget 2023-24, Rs. 47,404 crore (US$ 5.76 billion) was allocated to the health and family welfare sector.
- For implementing recommendations of the 15th Finance Commission, Rs. 2,521 crore (US$ 306.4 million) has been allocated towards family welfare and Rs. 409 crore (US$ 49.7 million) towards public health.
- 41,336 food processing units will be established/upgraded in 2022 under the Pradhan Mantri Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises Scheme.
- With the help of the state government's Food Processing Industries Policy 2017 (revised), the government has planned to set up 375 large food processing units in 2022.
- In May 2022, Amity University in Noida, Uttar Pradesh, signed an MoU with the Tourism & Hospitality Skill Council (THSC), with the aim to train the students in the field of tourism, travel, hospitality and aviation by different campuses of Amity University, through the implementation programmes under this MoU.
- Uttar Pradesh has now become home to the country’s first-ever ‘Amrit Sarovar’ which was inaugurated in Rampur district in May 2022. It is one of the 789 ponds which the Uttar Pradesh government will develop. Nearly Rs. 60 lakh (US$ 77,384.88) were spent in the creation of this water body.
- The Uttar Pradesh government is all set to establish the UP Ecotourism Development board. The key objective of the initiative is to promote the state's rich legacy of forests and wetlands to increase tourist footfall while creating jobs for those living around the natural heritage.
- In June 2021, Uttar Pradesh receives a record investment of Rs. 4,074 crores (US$ 554.24 million) in food processing.
- The tourism administration of Uttar Pradesh is planning to develop a helicopter taxi service to connect the state's most popular locations, as of September 2021.
- Uttar Pradesh has capacity to produce 4,248.76 MW of renewable energy. The state Government has set an objective of annual addition for production capacity of solar energy to 2,000 MW.
- In June 2021, Greenply Industries announced that it will invest around Rs. 75 crore (US$ 10.30 million) to set up a plywood and allied products manufacturing unit at Sandila Industrial Area in Hardoi, Uttar Pradesh.
- In May 2021, Uttar Pradesh government announced that it would spend US$ 1 billion to buy COVID-19 vaccine.
- In January 2021, the state government announced its plan to build 1,038 new Ganga aarti platforms along the river in Bijnor and Ballia districts.
- Uttar Pradesh accounts for strong demand for fertilisers on account of the high availability of acreage coupled with the large size of the state.
FACTFILE
Capital
LucknowGeographical Area (sq km)
240,928State Language
Hindi, English and UrduLiteracy Rate
67.68 per centKey Industries:
Information technology
Agro processing
Mineral-based industries
Textiles
Food processing
Handloom and handicrafts
Sports goods
Tourism
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